PSG has now secured the season-opening trophy on 14 different times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring early on.
Yet, the southern French side fired two times late to take a surprise lead. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial equaliser in the dying seconds to force the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving crucial attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing shootout victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the past 13 years.